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Childhood Cancers Raise Risk of Second Malignancies in Adulthood: Presented at AACR By Ed Susman LOS ANGELES, CA -- April 18, 2007 -- Childhood cancer survivors should be monitored closely as they age because their risk of a second cancer is far greater compared with the general population, researchers said here at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) annual meeting. "We found there was a 12-fold increased risk of developing a second cancer within 30 years of being treated for childhood Hodgkin's lymphoma," said Paolo Boffetta, MD, coordinator, genetics and epidemiology cluster, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organisation, Lyon, France. Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors had an increased risk for brain, thyroid, breast, and non-melanoma skin cancer, as well as leukaemia, Dr. Boffetta said in his presentation on April 16th. The risk of developing a second malignancy among patients who survived leukaemia as a child was six times the normal, Dr. Boffetta said, and people who had overcome non-Hodgkin's lymphoma as a child had four times the normal risk of developing a second cancer as an adult. He said that the study researchers checked on the health records of risk of individuals listed in 13 cancer registries worldwide. "The total number of person-years at risk was 108,172," Dr. Boffetta said. "We observed 133 second malignant neoplasms in 12,731 leukaemia, 1,246 Hodgkin's lymphoma and 2,563 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma survivors." "Large-scale, long-term population studies are necessary to have a better understanding of the risk of second primaries among cancer patients," Dr. Boffetta said. "Most of the second primary cancers after a childhood cancer are, fortunately, rare. One therefore needs large series of patients to precisely estimate risks." The registries used had been active for at least 25 years and covered different time periods between 1943 and 2000. Each provided individual data on leukaemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, along with second cancers -- new primary cancers, not recurrences or metastases -- from infancy through age 14 years. In their analysis, the researchers found that the cumulative incidence of second cancers was 2.43% for leukaemia, 12.7% for Hodgkin's lymphoma and 2.5% for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The study could not assess whether risk of a second cancer varied among children who were treated in the 1940s, 50s, or 60s versus more recent decades, due to the limited follow-up time for the latter population. "The significance of these results for adult survivors of childhood cancers is that they provide a more precise estimate of their risk of developing a second primary cancer," Dr. Boffetta said. [Presentation title: Risk of Second Malignant Neoplasms after Childhood Leukemia and Lymphoma: An International Study: Abstract 3395] E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version