FDA Approves Diagnostic Assay to Detect HIV Antigen and Antibodies
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FDA Approves Diagnostic Assay to Detect HIV Antigen and Antibodies

ROCKVILLE, Md -- June 21, 2010 -- The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the first assay to detect both antigen and antibodies to HIV. This assay is approved for use as an aid in the diagnosis of HIV-1/HIV-2 infection in adults including pregnant women. It is also the first assay for use as an aid in the diagnosis of HIV-1/HIV-2 infection in children aged as young as 2 years.

The highly sensitive assay is intended to be used as an aid in the diagnosis of HIV-1/HIV-2 infection, including acute or primary HIV-1 infection. Since it actually detects the HIV-1 virus (specifically the p24 antigen) in addition to antibodies to HIV, the combo assay can be used to diagnose HIV prior to the emergence of antibodies. Most tests used today in the diagnostic setting detect HIV antibodies only. Although direct detection of the virus itself by nucleic acid testing is available, it is not widely used in diagnostic settings.

"The approval of this assay represents an advancement in our ability to better diagnose HIV infection in diagnostic settings where nucleic acid testing to detect the virus itself is not routinely used," said Karen Midthun, MD, FDA's Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Rockville, Maryland. "It provides for more sensitive detection of recent HIV infections compared with antibody tests alone."

The combo assay is not intended to be used for routine screening of blood donors. However, it is approved as a donor screening assay for HIV-1/HIV-2 infection in urgent situations where licensed blood donor screening tests are unavailable or their use is impractical.

The assay will be used in clinical laboratories and in public health laboratories, and is the first assay approved in the United States to detect HIV antigen and antibodies simultaneously.

SOURCE: US Food and Drug Administration

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