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Stroke Incidence Among Patients With HIV Appears to Be Increasing: Presented at ISC By Ed Susman SAN ANTONIO, Tex -- February 25, 2010 -- The numbers of individuals with HIV who experience strokes appear to be increasing -- rising from 1% in 1998 to 1.5% in 2004, researchers said here at the 2010 International Stroke Conference (ISC). The figures were derived from a database representing 20% of a randomised sample of patients admitted to non-federal hospitals. Patient conditions were analysed based on hospital International Classification of Disease (ICD-9) codes. “Although relatively rare among HIV-positive patients, cerebrovascular disease is increasingly diagnosed,” said Jae Choi, MD, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, during his poster presentation on February 24. He said that in the 1998 statistics -- at the time when highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was gaining headway in effectively treating HIV -- 1,993 HIV-positive patients were diagnosed with cerebrovascular disease out of a total population of 198,882. In 2004, 2,604 HIV-positive patients experienced strokes among 171,460 patients in the hospital survey. Even though hospital mortality decreased overall for patients with HIV, the mortality due to stroke was 11% in 2004 versus 5.9% in 1998 (P < .001). Dr. Choi said that there were several possible reasons for the increase in strokes among HIV-infected individuals: · The use of HAART allows patients to survive the disease longer, and therefore the increase may reflect an age-related increase in stroke. · The use of certain HAART regimens may increase the risk of patients developing lipid abnormalities that are part of the metabolic syndrome that includes diabetes. · The activity of the virus itself to cause inflammation may make arteries more susceptible to changes that can lead to stroke. Dr. Choi noted that the hospital database showed significant declines from 1998 to 2004 in infections and malignancies associated with pre-combination antiretroviral regimens that were hallmarks of HIV-infection. However, he also noted increases since 1998 of cardiovascular disease-related conditions, including ischaemic heart disease and stroke. [Presentation title: HIV-Infection and Cerebrovascular Disease in the Era of Antiretroviral Therapy: Frequency and Diagnostic Correlates From a Large Nationwide Hospital Database. Abstract P189] E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version