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| |  Childhood Obesity Alone May Increase Risk of Later Cardiovascular Disease CHEVY CHASE, Md -- January 26, 2010 -- By as early as 7 years of age, being obese may raise a child’s risk of future heart disease and stroke, even in the absence of other cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure, according to a study appearing in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. “This new study demonstrates that the unhealthy consequences of excess body fat start very early,” said senior author Nelly Mauras, MD, Nemours Children’s Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida. “Our study shows that obesity alone is linked to certain abnormalities in the blood that can predispose individuals to developing cardiovascular disease early in adulthood.” “The findings suggest that we need more aggressive interventions for weight control in obese children, even those who do not have the co-morbidities of the metabolic syndrome,” said Dr. Mauras. Dr. Mauras and colleagues wanted to know if obesity could raise cardiovascular disease risk prior to the onset of the metabolic syndrome. Researchers therefore screened more than 300 individuals aged 7 to 18 years and included only those without features of the metabolic syndrome. They included 202 participants in the study: 115 obese children and 87 lean children as controls. Half of the children were prepubertal and the other half were in late puberty. Obese children had a body mass index (BMI) > the 95th percentile for their sex, age, and height. To be eligible to participate in the study, the children and adolescents had to have normal fasting blood sugar levels, normal blood pressure, and normal cholesterol and triglycerides. Lean controls also could not have a close relative with type 2 diabetes, high cholesterol, high blood pressure or obesity. The latter group proved very difficult to find. All study participants underwent blood testing for known markers for predicting the development of cardiovascular disease. These included elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and abnormally high fibrinogen, among others. Obese children had a 10 fold higher CRP and significantly higher fibrinogen concentrations, compared with age- and sex-matched lean children, the authors reported. These abnormalities occurred in obese children as young as age 7, long before the onset of puberty. The results were striking Dr. Mauras stated, as the children were entirely healthy otherwise. Although it is not yet known whether early therapeutic interventions can reverse high CRP and fibrinogen, she said it would be prudent for health care providers to advise more aggressive interventions to limit calories and increase activity in ‘healthy’ overweight children, even before the onset of puberty. “Doctors often do not treat obesity in children now unless they have other features of the metabolic syndrome,” said Dr. Mauras. “This practice should be reconsidered. Further studies are needed to offer more insight into the effects of therapeutic interventions in these children.”
SOURCE: The Endocrine Society
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