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Postmenopausal Women With HIV at High Risk for Accelerated Bone Loss, Fracture CHEVY CHASE, Md -- January 5, 2010 -- According to a study appearing in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, postmenopausal women with HIV have a high prevalence of low bone mineral density and high bone turnover placing them at high risk for future bone fractures. “As HIV-infected individuals live longer with potent antiretroviral therapy (ART), metabolic complications such as low bone density and osteoporosis are increasingly recognized,” said lead author Michael Yin, MD, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York. “Although numbers of HIV-infected postmenopausal women are increasing and postmenopausal women are at highest risk for osteoporotic fractures, few studies have evaluated skeletal status in this group.” “We hypothesised that postmenopausal women might be particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of HIV infection or ART on the skeleton and our results indicate that this may indeed be the case,” he said. To test their hypothesis, Dr. Yin and colleagues initiated a longitudinal study to assess bone health in 92 HIV-positive and 95 HIV-negative postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, femoral neck and hip, as well as body composition were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry. Researchers found that HIV-positive postmenopausal women had lower bone mineral density at both the spine and hip than HIV-negative postmenopausal women. “HIV infection was independently associated with lower bone mineral density after adjusting for body mass index and traditional osteoporosis risk factors,” said Dr. Yin. “While the reason for HIV-associated bone loss remains unclear, it may be related to increased levels of cytokines, direct effects of antiretrovirals on bone cells or hormonal/nutritional deficiencies that are common in HIV.” “Oestrogen protects against the effect of cytokines on bone resorption,” he said. ““Therefore, as HIV-positive women become oestrogen deficient during menopause, they may be at higher risk for accelerated bone loss and fracture.” SOURCE: The Endocrine Society E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version