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13-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine Has Potential to Lower Disease Risk Among Children: Presented at ICAAC By Ed Susman SAN FRANCISCO -- September 17, 2009 -- A new 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine currently under review by the US Food and Drug Administration may lower the number of pneumonia cases even further than the 7-valent vaccine has done, researchers suggested at the 49th Annual Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC). "Transition from the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccination to the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has the potential to substantially reduce remaining invasive pneumococcal disease," said Pekka Nuorti, MD, DSc, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. Statistics from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) show that when the 7-valent vaccine was introduced in 1999, about 100 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease occurred in every 100,000 children under the age of 5. By 2001, that number had fallen to 40 cases per 100,000, and in the targeted serotypes the drop in cases had gone from 80 per 100,000 to 30 per 100,000. By 2007, the number of cases of invasive pneumococcal disease among children under the age of 5 had dropped to about 23 in every 100,000, and had virtually disappeared for disease caused by the target of the vaccine. At a presentation on September 14, Dr. Nuorti illustrated that 3 of the 6 additional strains included in the 13-valent vaccine formulation attack the Streptococcus pneumoniae strains, which cause more than half of the residual disease in the United States, specifically serotypes 19A, 7F, and 3. He suggested that the 13-valent vaccine might be able to drop the number of cases by another 50%. Dr. Nuorti noted that a similar drop in invasive pneumococcal disease occurred among adults in the wake of the vaccine that was given mainly to children -- evidence of a herd effect. "In 2007, an estimated 5,040 invasive pneumococcal disease cases occurred in children less than 5 years of age in the United States," Dr. Nuorti commented. "The serotypes found in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine caused 3,226 -- about 64% -- of the cases. Serotype 19A alone accounted for 42% of these cases. Children aged 24 to 59 months accounted for 35% of cases." [Presentation title: Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Young Children Caused by Serotypes in the New 13-Valent Conjugate Vaccine: Implications for Immunization Strategies. Abstract G1-1554] E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version