If this is not your name, click here.
| | If this is not your name, click here. | | |
| | Contact Us | Order Now | Journals | Bookstore | Register a colleague | | |
| |  Genetic Variation Associated With Poorer Response to Clopidogrel Following PCI CHICAGO -- August 26, 2009 -- Patients with a certain genetic variation who received clopidogrel had a decreased platelet response to treatment and among those who had percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), had an increased risk of having a cardiovascular event in the following year than patients who did not have this variant, according to a study published in the August 26 issue of JAMA. "Dual antiplatelet therapy, including clopidogrel and aspirin, inhibits platelet function, preventing ischaemic events and improving outcomes following acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention," the authors wrote. Variability in response to clopidogrel is well established, with nonresponsiveness related to recurrent ischaemic events. Some research has suggested that genetic variations may affect clopidogrel response, specifically the gene variant CYP2C19*2. Alan R. Shuldiner, MD, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, and colleagues performed a genome-wide association study of ADP-stimulated platelet aggregation to identify genes associated with variation in clopidogrel response. In the Pharmacogenomics of Antiplatelet Intervention (PAPI) study (2006-2008), the researchers administered clopidogrel for 7 days to 429 healthy Amish persons and measured platelet response. The population in the study (Old Order Amish) are a relatively homogeneous group in which confounding variables including medication usage and lifestyle, are minimised. A genome-wide association study was performed followed by genotyping the loss-of-function cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19*2 variant. Findings in the PAPI study were extended by examining the relation of CYP2C19*2 genotype to platelet function and cardiovascular outcomes in an independent sample of 227 patients undergoing PCI. The researchers found that platelet response to clopidogrel was highly heritable. "Indeed, follow-up genotyping indicated that the loss-of-function CYP2C19*2 variant was associated with clopidogrel response and could account for most of the association signal detected in the initial genome-wide association study," the authors wrote. "The CYP2C19*2 genotype accounts for approximately 12% of the variation in clopidogrel response. With age and sex, approximately 22% of the variation in clopidogrel response can be explained. Although substantial and highly significant, the majority of the variation in platelet response to clopidogrel remains unexplained." In the sample of clopidogrel-treated patients undergoing PCI, after 1 year of follow-up, carriers of the CYP2C19*2 genotype were more likely (20.9% vs 10.0%) to have a cardiovascular ischaemic event or death compared with noncarriers. "CYP2C19 genotype may prove useful in helping clinicians choose the most effective antiplatelet therapy and dose for a given individual. Those with the CYP2C19*2 genotype may benefit more from an antiplatelet regimen that does not include clopidogrel, such as the third-generation thienopyridine prasugrel, or ticagrelor and cangrelor," the authors wrote. "Like clopidogrel, these agents inhibit ADP-stimulated platelet aggregation but are not as dependent on CYP2C19 for activation. Genotype-directed decisions regarding which antiplatelet agent to use in a specific patient may also have an important economic impact if costs of equally efficacious medications differ greatly. Whether CYP2C19*2 carriers may benefit from increased dosing of clopidogrel is not yet known." "Prospective randomised clinical trials will be necessary to determine the efficacy of CYP2C19 genotype-directed therapy in evidence-based clinical decision making," the authors concluded. SOURCE: JAMA
|
