Glucose Levels Affect Total Joint Replacement Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes
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Glucose Levels Affect Total Joint Replacement Outcomes in Patients With Diabetes

ROSEMONT, Ill -- July 3, 2009 -- Patients with diabetes undergoing total joint replacement often are at a higher risk of experiencing complications after surgery due to various pre-existing health conditions.

According to a new study published in the July 2009 issue of the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (JBJS), those complications are less likely to occur when a patient with diabetes has glucose levels under control.

“We found that controlled glucose levels really do make a difference for the patient,” said study co-author Milford Marchant Jr., MD, Adult Reconstruction Section, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.

The study found that patients with uncontrolled glucose levels were more than 3 times as likely to experience a stroke or death after joint replacement surgery and about twice as likely to experience post-operative bleeding and infection.

Dr. Marchant and his colleagues reviewed data from a national healthcare database looking at more than one million patients who had total joint replacement surgery from 1988 to 2005. They compared surgical outcomes in patients with uncontrolled glucose levels to those who had controlled glucose levels and those patients who did not have diabetes.

“It did not matter if the patient had type 1 or type 2 diabetes,” explained Dr. Marchant. “Regardless of diabetes type, we found that patients had fewer complications after surgery if their glucose level was controlled before, during and after surgery.”

Patients with diabetes with uncontrolled glucose were more likely to experience surgical complications, infection, blood transfusions, and longer hospitals stays.

“The factors necessary for diabetic patients to be considered ‘under control’ are different for each individual patient, therefore diabetic patients should have good relationships with their medical doctors,” said Dr. Marchant.

“It is crucial that patients have glucose levels well managed before, during and after surgery because it reduces the potential of having a complication,” noted Dr. Marchant. “This is the responsibility of both the patient and the surgeon, and it should be a priority.”

SOURCE: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

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