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| |  Single Dose of LAIV Provides Reasonable Option for Children Who Are at Increased Risk of Partial Immunisation: Presented at PAS By Jill Stein BALTIMORE, Md -- May 5, 2009 -- A single dose of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) is a sound option for eligible children who are likely to undergo only partial immunisation, according to data reported here on May 5 at the 2009 Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) Annual Meeting. Stan L. Block, MD, Kentucky Pediatric and Adult Research, Inc., Bardstown, Kentucky, and colleagues reviewed data from 3 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year studies in which a cohort of previously unvaccinated children received a single dose of LAIV. All studies compared LAIV with placebo and were conducted in children aged 6 to 35 months, 12 to 35 months, and 15 to 71 months. When possible, the outcomes with the 1-dose regimen were compared with the outcomes of those given 2 doses of LAIV in the same season. The analysis included only data from children aged over 2 years. The Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) and Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that children aged younger than 9 years who have not previously been vaccinated receive 2 doses of either inactivated or LAIV in a single season, Dr. Block explained. The protection provided by the vaccine is optimised in these children when the 2 doses are given at least 4 weeks apart. However, compliance with the 2-dose regimen is low, he added. In fact, the percentage of first-vaccinated children who receive a second dose has ranged from 12% to 24% during the time periods for which data are available. Results of the present analysis revealed that the reduction in influenza cases with a single LAIV dose compared with that of placebo was 71.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 52.9%-83.4%), 59.9% (95% CI, 31.1%-77.4%), and 87.3% (95% CI, 59.2%-96.1%) in the 3 studies. In 2 of the studies, efficacy was estimated for previously unvaccinated children receiving 1 and 2 doses of vaccine in the same season; 1-dose efficacy was approximately 90% of 2-dose efficacy. Efficacy after revaccination in the second year with a single dose of LAIV was comparable whether the child received 1 of 2 doses in the first year. "Overall, our data suggest that LAIV is a good alternative for eligible children who are at increased risk of partial immunisation because of poor adherence to the 2-dose requirement or end of influenza season dosing or late dosing," concluded Dr. Block. Funding for the study was provided by MedImmune, LLC.
[Presentation Title: Efficacy of a Single Dose of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine in Previously Unvaccinated Children 2 to 6 Years of Age. Abstract 5529.505]
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