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Novel Gene Predicts Local Recurrence in Early-Onset Breast Cancer HOUSTON -- May 5, 2009 -- A newly discovered gene, ductal epithelium-associated ring chromosome 1 (DEAR1), is mutated in breast cancer and is an independent predictor of local recurrence-free survival in early-onset breast cancer, a research team headed by scientists at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center reports in the journal PLoS Medicine. "The correlation with local recurrence is significant because so many young women have recurrences in the breast, and cancers that do recur tend to be more aggressive," said senior author Ann McNeill Killary, PhD, Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. "Young age has been considered a risk factor for local recurrence and metastasis. It is important to understand the genetic mechanisms operating in early-onset breast cancer and to determine whether there is a way to identify young women who might be at a higher risk of recurrence." After Dr. Killary's laboratory research discovered DEAR1 and implicated it in breast cancer, the team examined a tumour tissue microarray from 123 women whose breast cancer began between ages 25 and 49 years, all of whom advanced to invasive disease. Of these, 56% lacked DEAR1 expression in their tumours, which was associated with 58% local recurrence-free survival 15 years after surgery. For those with DEAR1 expression, local recurrence-free survival was 95% at 15 years. "Immunohistochemical staining for DEAR1 could potentially be performed in any hospital setting, and such an assay might predict which women are at a high risk of recurrence and potentially help guide treatment decisions" said Dr. Killary, noting the results will need to be validated in a larger cohort of patients. While the researchers found that loss of DEAR1 expression correlated significantly with local recurrence, it did not correlate with overall survival in this young cohort. However, lack of DEAR1 expression was associated with triple-negative breast cancer and with a strong family history of breast cancer The team discovered the gene in a region of the human genome that has been implicated in other epithelial tumours, including colon and pancreatic cancers, and that the researchers suspected might harbor an important tumour suppressor gene. SOURCE: University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version