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Updated Clinical Guidelines for HIV-Associated Opportunistic Infections ROCKVILLE, Md -- April 16, 2009 -- The first complete update in 5 years of the US guidelines for preventing and treating HIV-associated opportunistic infections (OIs) has been released by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in cooperation with the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). The new Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents apply state-of-the-art science and medicine to 29 infectious diseases of concern. More than 140 medical experts contributed their knowledge to this edition of the guidelines, released on April 10. "The scientific community has developed new and more accurate diagnostic tests for HIV-associated opportunistic infections during the past 5 years, more effective treatments for these infections and better approaches to preventing them," said Henry Masur, MD, Critical Care Medicine Department in the NIH clinical research hospital. "The updated guidelines outline these advances for physicians and patients across the US and beyond." The new guidelines combine what were previously 2 separate publications, 1 for the prevention of OIs (last published in 2002) and 1 for their treatment (first published in 2004). Major changes to the guidelines include · Emphasis on the important role of effective antiretroviral therapy in augmenting immune function, which is pivotal for preventing and managing OIs. · Information on the diagnosis and management of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. · Information on the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and C infections. · Information on interferon-gamma release assays for the detection of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. · Updated information on interactions between antiretroviral drugs and drugs used to treat OIs. · A new section on malaria and other tropical diseases that may become OIs in HIV-infected immigrants to the US and in HIV-infected American travellers. The finalised new Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents are accessible at <http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr5804.pdf A final draft of the corresponding paediatric version of these guidelines, Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections among HIV-Exposed and HIV-Infected Children, is under review and will be published later this year. SOURCE: National Institutes of Health E-mail this page to a friend or colleague! To print, use this version