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| |  ASBMR: Potassium Citrate Thwarts Deleterious Effects of High Sodium Chloride Diet By Jill Stein Special to DG News PHOENIX, AZ -- October 14, 2001 -- Increased salt consumption not only enhances urinary calcium excretion but also results in increased bone resorption. The new findings were announced at the 23rd Annual Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR), in Phoenix, Arizona. Data also show, however, that oral potassium citrate prevents the increased calcium losses and bone turnover caused by a high dietary salt intake. Dr. Deborah Sellmeyer and co-workers at the University of California, San Francisco, studied the effect of increased dietary sodium chloride on urine calcium excretion and bone turnover in postmenopausal women and, further, whether potassium citrate attenuates the effects of increased dietary salt. "Sodium chloride intake in industrialized nations far exceeds physiological requirements," Dr. Sellmeyer said. "The full impact of dietary salt on skeletal health is unknown, but may be detrimental through increased urinary calcium losses." For the trial, 60 postmenopausal women were adapted to a low salt (87 mmol/day sodium) diet for three weeks, then randomized to a high salt (225 mmol/day sodium) diet and potassium citrate (90 mmol/day) or placebo for four weeks. They measured urine calcium, N-telopeptide (NTX), cyclic AMP, as well as serum osteocalcin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) at the end of the low and high salt diets. On the high salt diet, urine calcium increased by 42±12 mg/day in the placebo group and decreased by 8±14 mg/day in the potassium citrate group. NTX increased 6.4±1.4 nBCE/mmol Cr in the placebo group and 2.0±1.7 in the potassium citrate group. Osteocalcin, PTH, and cyclic AMP were not altered significantly. Dr. Sellmeyer said the study provides preliminary evidence that recommendations regarding moderate sodium intake and increased intake of dietary sources of potassium, namely fruit and vegetables, may be beneficial to postmenopausal women at risk for osteoporosis. She added that larger studies with long-term outcomes are needed to fully define the role of dietary sodium chloride in postmenopausal bone loss.
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